![]() However, considering that clinical polysomnograms are challenging to collect in this population, the ability to quantify these biomarkers on clinical EEG-routinely ordered for epilepsy monitoring-opens the door for larger-scale studies. This study relied on clinical EEG where sleep staging was not available. ResultsĬhildren with Dup15q syndrome showed abnormal sleep physiology with elevated beta power, reduced spindle density, and reduced or absent SWS compared to age-matched neurotypical controls. To test the hypothesis that elevated beta oscillations persist in sleep in Dup15q syndrome and that NREM sleep rhythms would be disrupted, we computed: (1) beta power, (2) spindle density, and (3) percentage of slow-wave sleep (SWS) in overnight sleep EEG recordings from a cohort of children with Dup15q syndrome ( n = 15) and compared them to age-matched neurotypical children ( n = 12). We therefore hypothesized that sleep physiology would be abnormal in children with Dup15q syndrome. Healthy sleep rhythms, necessary for robust cognitive development, are also highly dependent on GABAergic neurotransmission. During awake electroencephalography (EEG), children with Dup15q syndrome demonstrate increased beta band oscillations (12–30 Hz) that likely reflect aberrant GABAergic neurotransmission. Genes in the 15q region, particularly UBE3A and a cluster of GABA A receptor genes, are critical for neural development, synaptic protein synthesis and degradation, and inhibitory neurotransmission. Duplications of 15q11.2-13.1 (Dup15q syndrome) are highly penetrant for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as intellectual disability and ASD, as well as sleep disturbances. Clinical heterogeneity amongst these warrants studies of the mechanisms associated with specific genetic etiologies. Clinical applications.Sleep disturbances in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represent a common and vexing comorbidity. Williams RL, Karacan I, Hursch CJ (1974) EEG of human sleep. UCLA Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles Rechtschaffen A, Kales A (Hrsg) (1968) A manual of standardized terminology: techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. ![]() Norman RG, Pal I, Stewart C et al (2000) Interobserver agreement among sleep scorers from different centers in a large dataset. Loomis AL, Harvey EN, Hobart GA (1936) Electrical potentials of the human brain. In: Harrer G, Leutner V (Hrsg) Schlaf und Pharmakon. Linden KJ (1979) Die medikamentöse Behandlung von Schlafstörungen im Alter. Kushida CA, Littner MR, Morgenthaler T et al (2005) Practice parameters for the indications for polysomnography and related procedures: an update for 2005. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester/Illinois Iber C, Ancoli-Israel S, Chesson A, Quan SF for the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2007) The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications, 1. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Darien Science 118:273–274īerry RB, Brooks R, Gamaldo CE, Harding SM, Lloyd RM, Marcus CL, Vaughn BV for the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2018) The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and asociated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications, Version 2.5. J Clin Neurophysiol 9:88–96Īserinski E, Kleitman N (1953) Regulatory occurring periods of eye motility, and concomitant phenomena, during sleep. Steinkopff, DarmstadtĪmerican Electroencephalographic Society (1992) Guidelines for polygraphic assessment of sleep-related disorders (Polysomnography). American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2008) Das AASM-Manual zum Scoring von Schlaf und assoziierten Ereignissen: Regeln, Technologie und technische Spezifikationen.
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